Category

Cognitive Biases.

Your brain is wired to misjudge probability. Anchoring, availability bias, the gamblers fallacy, sunk cost thinking — these mental shortcuts helped our ancestors survive but they consistently lead to poor decisions in modern life. Learn to recognise these biases in yourself and others, and discover practical techniques to counteract them.

20 posts in Cognitive Biases

Base Rate Neglect: Why Your Intuitions Are Wrong

base rate fallacy

Base Rate Neglect: Why Your Intuitions Are Wrong

Base rate neglect is one of the most costly cognitive biases. Why most positive medical tests are wrong, and how to train yourself to think in base rates.
Rob Griffiths11 June 2026
Thinking in Probabilities: Why Your Brain Is Bad at Risk

cognitive biases

Thinking in Probabilities: Why Your Brain Is Bad at Risk

Your brain systematically misjudges probability. Learn the cognitive biases that distort risk perception and how to calibrate better.
Rob Griffiths11 June 2026
Anchoring Bias: How First Numbers Hijack Judgement

cognitive biases

Anchoring Bias: How First Numbers Hijack Judgement

Anchoring bias: why the first number you hear silently warps every estimate that follows - with research, examples, and debiasing strategies that work.
Rob Griffiths11 June 2026
The Availability Heuristic: Why Vivid Examples Mislead

availability heuristic

The Availability Heuristic: Why Vivid Examples Mislead

Why we judge risk by what comes to mind first - fear of flying, market news, terrorism - and the practical techniques to debias your thinking.
Rob Griffiths11 June 2026
Bayesian Thinking for Everyday Decisions

bayesian thinking

Bayesian Thinking for Everyday Decisions

Bayesian thinking - the art of changing your mind rationally. How to update beliefs with evidence, with examples from interviews, medicine, and investing.
Rob Griffiths11 June 2026
The Dunning-Kruger Effect: Why We Overestimate Our Abilities

dunning kruger

The Dunning-Kruger Effect: Why We Overestimate Our Abilities

The Dunning-Kruger effect: the gap between how good people think they are and how good they actually are. The real research is more useful than the chart.
Rob Griffiths11 June 2026
Sunk Cost Fallacy: When to Quit and When to Persist

cognitive biases

Sunk Cost Fallacy: When to Quit and When to Persist

The sunk cost fallacy: why we keep investing in losing decisions. The bias, the psychology, and a clear test for when to quit and when to persist.
Rob Griffiths11 June 2026
The Prosecutor's Fallacy: How Courts Get Statistics Wrong

conditional probability

The Prosecutor's Fallacy: How Courts Get Statistics Wrong

Confusing P(evidence | innocent) with P(innocent | evidence) sends innocent people to prison. The Sally Clark case and how to spot the trap.
Rob Griffiths11 June 2026
Loss Aversion: Why Losses Hurt Twice as Much

cognitive biases

Loss Aversion: Why Losses Hurt Twice as Much

Loss aversion: why losses hurt twice as much as equivalent gains feel good. The Kahneman/Tversky research, where it warps decisions, and how to counter it.
Rob Griffiths11 June 2026
Thinking, Fast and Slow: The Bias Book Worth the Hype

thinking fast and slow

Thinking, Fast and Slow: The Bias Book Worth the Hype

Kahneman's Thinking, Fast and Slow is the canonical text on cognitive bias. What it gets right, what hasn't aged well, and whether to buy it.
Rob Griffiths11 June 2026
Hindsight Bias: Why Everything Looks Obvious After the Fact

hindsight bias

Hindsight Bias: Why Everything Looks Obvious After the Fact

Hindsight bias makes the past feel inevitable. Here's why it distorts post-mortems, juries and investing - and how to fight it.
Rob Griffiths11 June 2026
12 Cognitive Biases That Wreck Probability Estimates

12 Cognitive Biases That Wreck Probability Estimates

The 12 cognitive biases that most consistently distort probability judgements - what each one does and how to defend against it.
Rob Griffiths11 June 2026
Recency Bias in Investing and Sports Predictions

cognitive bias

Recency Bias in Investing and Sports Predictions

Recency bias: why investors chase last quarter's winners and bettors back the form team. The mechanics, the cost, and the four tools that defuse it.
Rob Griffiths10 June 2026
Survivorship Bias: The Hidden Data That Changes Everything

survivorship bias

Survivorship Bias: The Hidden Data That Changes Everything

Survivorship bias hides the failures behind every success story - from WWII bombers to mutual funds. How to spot the missing data and decide better.
Rob Griffiths10 June 2026
Overconfidence Bias: Why Active Traders Underperform

cognitive biases

Overconfidence Bias: Why Active Traders Underperform

Overconfidence bias is investing's most expensive cognitive error. How overestimation, the planning fallacy and overprecision hide it, and what fixes it.
Rob Griffiths10 June 2026
The Gambler's Fallacy: Why You're Wrong About 'Due' Outcomes

gamblers fallacy

The Gambler's Fallacy: Why You're Wrong About 'Due' Outcomes

The Gambler's Fallacy: why we wrongly believe random outcomes are 'due'. The cognitive trap, where it costs you, and how to think clearly under randomness.
Rob Griffiths10 June 2026
Confirmation Bias in Investing: Fight Your Own Brain

cognitive biases

Confirmation Bias in Investing: Fight Your Own Brain

Confirmation bias quietly destroys investment returns. Here's how it works in markets - and the three techniques that actually neutralise it.
Rob Griffiths6 June 2026
Status Quo Bias: Why We Stick with Defaults

status quo bias

Status Quo Bias: Why We Stick with Defaults

Status quo bias explained: the cognitive tendency to stick with defaults. UK financial impact: pension funds, insurance renewals, current accounts.
Rob Griffiths6 June 2026
Endowment Effect Explained: Why You Overvalue What You Own

cognitive biases

Endowment Effect Explained: Why You Overvalue What You Own

The endowment effect makes you value the things you own more highly than identical things you do not. Here is why it happens, with worked examples.
Rob Griffiths1 June 2026
Framing Effect: Why How You Hear It Changes Your Choice

cognitive bias

Framing Effect: Why How You Hear It Changes Your Choice

The framing effect: identical numbers presented differently produce opposite decisions. Asian Disease Problem, gain vs loss framing, defences.
Rob Griffiths1 June 2026